Bengaluru: Dengue is not the only worry for doctors as hospitals are witnessing a surge in the number of pneumonia and influenza cases. Dr KN Manjunath, Consultant Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Vikram Hospital says, “Dengue cases have drastically come down, but we are seeing a lot of viral infections, influenza, severe fevers and pneumonia. The doctor is witnessing some eight cases everyday, adds “It is generally affecting the extremes of ages.”

The most frequent complication of influenza is pneumonia, most commonly secondary bacterial pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Staphylococcus aureus). Primary influenza viral pneumonia is an uncommon complication with a high fatality rate. Doctors warn that the highest rates of complications and hospitalisation are among persons 65 years and older, young children, and persons of any age with certain underlying medical conditions need to take utmost precaution.

“There is a surge in influenza cases and pneumonia which is affecting the extreme of ages as immunity will be less. Pregnant women should also take care this time around. These cases are more rampant because of no sunlight and rains because of which common cold, flu is creeping in. This will continue up to January with worst situation in December hence people need to take utmost precautions especially those with low immunity or with other complications,” advises Dr Ammanna Gowda, Consultant general Physician at Fortis Hospital Cunningham Road who says that he sees some 6-8 patients with flu everyday.

Speaking about precautions, Dr Gowda adds, “People should meet the doctor if the flu persists for more than three days as it is usually a self-limiting disease. Also, since influenza is primarily transmitted from person to person via large virus-laden droplets, people should avoid crowded places during these times and stay warm. Drink lots of fluids and water.”

What causes pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an inflammation of one or both lungs, which is usually caused by an infection. This inflammation causes the tiny air sacs (called the alveoli) inside your lungs to fill with fluid. This makes it harder for the lungs to work properly.

Your body sends white blood cells to your lungs to try to fight the infection. Although this helps kill the germs, it can also make it harder for your lungs to pass oxygen into your bloodstream.

Who is most at risk?
Anyone of any age can get pneumonia. Pneumonia can be more of a threat for two groups of people:

First, there are people who have a higher risk of developing pneumonia, such as those with a weaker immune system.

Second, there are people who are not at extra risk of developing pneumonia, but if they do develop it they may experience worse effects. This group includes people with heart or lung disease and other medical conditions.